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A Level Economics Demand and Supply Questions

Every A Level H2 Economics exam question on demand and supply from the last ten years, linked to the worked answers, with the model essays on the same topic. The price mechanism, market equilibrium, surplus, controls and taxes.

This question bank is curated by Mr Eugene Toh, author of the H1 and H2 A Level Economics TYS answer keys, published by SAP and sold at Popular.

Past year exam questionsDemand and Supply in the A Level papers

Past exam2025 Paper 1 case study30 marks

The case study examines international tourism in ASEAN countries after the COVID-19 pandemic, the slow recovery in arrivals, information failure and...

The case study question is cited only. See the worked answer for the full breakdown.

Macro Indicators and Standard of LivingDemand and SupplyElasticitiesMarket FailureIntroduction to MacroeconomicsSingapore Application

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Past exam2025 Paper 2 essay25 marks

Using examples, explain why a firm is able to charge a different price to different groups of consumers for the same product.

Firms and Market StructuresDemand and Supply

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Past exam2025 Paper 2 essay25 marks

Explain the likely impact of this rise in price of eggs on household expenditure and on consumer surplus.

ElasticitiesDemand and SupplyFirms and Market Structures

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Past exam2024 Paper 1 case study30 marks

The case study examines the supermarket industry in the United Kingdom and Singapore, drawing on it to test oligopoly characteristics, control of...

The case study question is cited only. See the worked answer for the full breakdown.

Demand and SupplyFirms and Market StructuresMarket Failure

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Past exam2024 Paper 1 case study30 marks

The case study looks at changing economic relationships in the Asia-Pacific Rim, including the appreciation of the Chinese yuan, the US and China...

The case study question is cited only. See the worked answer for the full breakdown.

Macro PoliciesDemand and SupplyTrade and GlobalisationIntroduction to Macroeconomics

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Past exam2024 Paper 2 essay25 marks

Explain why the fixed costs of owning a new car in Singapore are considerably higher than the variable costs and why this is likely to lead to...

FoundationsDemand and SupplyMarket Failure

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Past exam2024 Paper 2 essay25 marks

Explain, with examples, why the impact on expenditure from a reduction in the rate of income tax depends on a good's income elasticity of demand.

ElasticitiesMacro PoliciesDemand and Supply

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Past exam2023 Paper 1 case study30 marks

The case study examines the costs and benefits of education, drawing on it to test private and external benefits, opportunity cost, asymmetric...

The case study question is cited only. See the worked answer for the full breakdown.

Macro Indicators and Standard of LivingDemand and SupplyElasticitiesFoundationsMarket Failure

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Past exam2023 Paper 2 essay25 marks

Explain the different impacts on the prices of vegetables due to bad weather and falls in consumer incomes. [10]

Demand and SupplyElasticitiesMarket Failure

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Past exam2022 Paper 1 case study30 marks

The case study examines the economic problems caused by the Australian drought and the COVID-19 pandemic, drawing on it to test demand and supply...

The case study question is cited only. See the worked answer for the full breakdown.

Demand and SupplyMacro PoliciesMacro IssuesSingapore Application

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Past exam2022 Paper 2 essay25 marks

With the aid of diagrams, explain why an increase in GST and a fall in the incomes of many households are each expected to cause a fall in...

ElasticitiesDemand and SupplyMacro Policies

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Past exam2021 Paper 1 case study30 marks

The case study examines changes in the market for seafood, including substitute and supply shifts in the cod market, a maximum price, government...

The case study question is cited only. See the worked answer for the full breakdown.

Demand and SupplyMarket FailureFirms and Market StructuresElasticities

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Past exam2021 Paper 1 case study30 marks

The case study examines foreign direct investment flows in South-East Asia, drawing on Singapore and Vietnam to test the recording of FDI in the...

The case study question is cited only. See the worked answer for the full breakdown.

Trade and GlobalisationDemand and SupplyIntroduction to MacroeconomicsMacro Indicators and Standard of Living

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Past exam2021 Paper 2 essay25 marks

With the aid of a diagram, explain what is meant by consumer surplus and producer surplus.

Demand and SupplyMarket FailureTrade and Globalisation

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Past exam2020 Paper 1 case study30 marks

The case study examines anti-competitive behaviour in Singapore, drawing on the CCCS infringement decisions against fresh chicken distributors and...

The case study question is cited only. See the worked answer for the full breakdown.

Firms and Market StructuresDemand and SupplyMarket Failure

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Past exam2020 Paper 1 case study30 marks

The case study looks at the US and China trade war and its effects on a small open economy, testing the current account, the effect of a shrinking...

The case study question is cited only. See the worked answer for the full breakdown.

Trade and GlobalisationIntroduction to MacroeconomicsMacro PoliciesDemand and SupplyElasticities

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Past exam2020 Paper 2 essay25 marks

Explain why a shortage of water might still exist after the rise in the price of water.

Demand and SupplyMarket Failure

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Past exam2019 Paper 1 case study30 marks

The case study examines market failures in the Vietnamese energy market, drawing on global coal demand, negative externalities from coal use, a UK...

The case study question is cited only. See the worked answer for the full breakdown.

Demand and SupplyElasticitiesMarket FailureFirms and Market Structures

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Past exam2019 Paper 2 essay25 marks

With the aid of a diagram, explain how this firm's total expenditure on its workforce will have changed as a result. [10]

Demand and SupplyElasticitiesMarket FailureSingapore Application

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Past exam2018 Paper 2 essay25 marks

Using supply and demand curves, explain why there is an excess demand for tickets and why there is a high resale price.

Demand and SupplyFirms and Market Structures

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Past exam2017 Paper 1 case study30 marks

The case study looks at the Westernisation of the Japanese diet and the market for beef imports into Japan, drawing on it to test negative...

The case study question is cited only. See the worked answer for the full breakdown.

Market FailureElasticitiesDemand and SupplyTrade and Globalisation

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Past exam2017 Paper 2 essay25 marks

Use supply and demand analysis to explain why falling interest rates and continued income growth may have led to a rapid rise in residential property...

Demand and SupplyElasticitiesMarket Failure

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Past exam2016 Paper 1 case study30 marks

The case study examines India's rise as a major agricultural exporter, using it to test minimum support prices and price floors, the terms of trade,...

The case study question is cited only. See the worked answer for the full breakdown.

Trade and GlobalisationMarket FailureDemand and SupplyElasticities

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Past exam2016 Paper 1 case study30 marks

The case study contrasts inflation in Brazil and Japan, drawing on it to test the incidence of a sales tax, the causes of inflation through aggregate...

The case study question is cited only. See the worked answer for the full breakdown.

Macro IssuesDemand and SupplyElasticitiesIntroduction to MacroeconomicsMacro Policies

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Model essaysWorked essays on demand and supply

Model essayH2 Economicspart (b) [15]

Discuss possible strategies to reduce the severe shortage of vets.

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Model essayH2 Economicspart (a) [10]

Explain why a severe shortage of vets still exists despite clinics offering significantly higher salaries.

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Model essayH2 Economicspart (b) [15]

Explain how rising pork prices could affect consumer expenditure on feather shuttlecocks and its related goods, such as rackets.

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Model essayH2 Economicspart (a) [10]

Explain how possible demand and supply factors might contribute to widening income inequality in Singapore.

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Practice with guidance

Attempt them, then check against the model.

The worked answers to the past year questions are in the TYS Answers hub, and each model essay shows how a top answer is built. Every ETG student also gets the AI coach that plans every essay and case study with you. Bring your hardest question to a trial lesson.

Master the theory

Work the questions alongside the notes that teach the tools: Demand and Supply notes, the Demand and Supply model essays, and the full notes and glossary.

Questions students ask

Are these the official A Level Economics answers for the demand and supply questions?

No. SEAB sets and marks the A Level papers. The past year questions are cited so you can find them, and the worked answers and model essays are Mr Eugene Toh's own, author of the H1 and H2 A Level Economics TYS answer keys published by SAP and sold at Popular.

Where are the answers to these questions?

Each past year question links to its worked answer in the TYS Answers hub, and each model essay links to a full worked essay. Every ETG student also gets the AI coach that plans every essay and case study of the last ten years.

Can I get A Level Economics questions sorted by topic?

Yes. This page collects the exam questions and model essays on demand and supply in one place. Use the other topic pages in the question bank for the rest of the syllabus.

Free resources

Get the printable Summary and Diagrams pack.

The notes are free to read because the concepts should be. Join the mailing list for the 112 page Summary and Diagrams pack, drawn the way ETG teaches them, plus new chapters and worked answers as we publish. You can also follow along on Telegram.

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